Multi-member

An electoral system is the system that determines how elections and referendums take place and how their results are arrived at. There are numerous systems that are used in politics, business and other organisations. In the political sphere, a number of different electoral systems are used elect single positions, such as presidents, and multiple positions, such as legislatures, with different systems used at different levels of government. Common systems include first-past-the-post, proportional representation and ranked or preferential voting. Countries' electoral systems are usually defined by their constitution or electoral laws, with the holding of elections organised by election commissions. The range of systems used in business and other organisations is more varied.

The study of formally defined voting methods is called social choice theory or voting theory, a subfield of political science, economics, or mathematics. Electoral systems can be compared by different mathematical voting criteria in order to assess the results they return.

Plurality voting is a system in which the candidate(s) with the highest amount of vote wins, with no requirement to get a majority of votes. In cases where there is a single position to be filled, it is known as first-past-the-post; this is the second most common electoral system for national legislatures, with 58 countries using it to elect their parliaments, the vast majority of which are current or former British or American colonies or territories. It is also the second most common system used for presidential elections, being used in 19 countries.

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