Muhammad ibn Wasil

Muhammad bin Wasil ibn Ibrahim al-Tamimi (Arabic: محمد بن واصل بن إبراهيم التميمي‎‎) (also known as al-Hanzali) was a military adventurer who seized control of the Abbasid province of Fars in 870. He intermittently ruled over Fars until 876, when he was captured and imprisoned by Ya'qub ibn al-Layth, the Saffarid emir of Sistan.

Muhammad was a member of an Arab family that had a long association with Kharijism. In 837 he took command of a group of Kharijites at Bost, and revolted against the Abbasid authorities. His forces were able to defeat the governor of Sistan's army and to capture its leader, the governor's son. Muhammad eventually released him after negotiations with the governor; he subsequently left the region of Bost and made his way to Kerman, which was home to a number of other Kharijite outlaws.

Subsequent to his activities in the east, Muhammad moved to the province of Fars. In 870, with caliphal control over Fars having been weakened by years of disorder, he decided to rebel against the government. He allied with the leader of the local Kurds, and together they defeated and killed the provincial governor, al-Harith ibn Sima. As a result of this victory, Abbasid rule in Fars collapsed, and Muhammad was able to take control of the province.

Less than a year after his takeover of Fars, Muhammad was threatened by Ya'qub ibn al-Layth, the self-made emir of Sistan. Ya'qub set out west for Fars with the intention of subjugating the province. Sources disagree on what happened next, but Ya'qub was eventually dissuaded from continuing his expedition, and he turned back toward Sistan. His withdrawal is described as having been caused either by Muhammad's submission to him, or by the arrival of emissaries sent by the caliphal government to convince him to abandon his westward advance. In either case, Muhammad soon afterwards reached a rapprochement with the central government, and in 872 he handed over the kharaj (tax revenues), and possibly the government of Fars, to a caliphal representative.

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