Migiurtina

Majeerteen Sultanate
Suldanadda Majeerteen ???????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????? سلطنة مجرتين Migiurtinia
Protectorate of Italy (1889–1924)
c. 1800–1924
Flag Coat of arms
The Majeerteen Sultanate in the late 19th century.
Capital		Alula Bargal (seasonal)
Languages		Somali · Arabic
Religion		Islam
Government		Monarchy
King
•	mid-19th century–1926	Osman Mahamuud
History
•	Established	c. 1800
•	Campaign of the Sultanates	October–November 1924
Preceded by Succeeded by Adal Sultanate Sultanate of Hobyo Italian Somaliland
Today part of		Somalia

The Majeerteen Sultanate (Somali: Suldanadda Majeerteen, Arabic: سلطنة مجرتين‎), also known as Majeerteenia and Migiurtinia, was a Somali kingdom centered in the Horn of Africa. Ruled by Boqor Osman Mahamuud during its golden age, the sultanate controlled much of northern and central Somalia in the 19th and early 20th centuries. The polity had all of the organs of an integrated modern state and maintained a robust trading network. It also entered into treaties with foreign powers and exerted strong centralized authority on the domestic front. Much of the Sultanate's former domain is today coextensive with the autonomous Puntland region in northeastern Somalia.

According to the 16th century explorer Leo Africanus, the Adal Sultanate's realm encompassed the geographical area between the Bab el Mandeb and Cape Guardafui. It was thus flanked to the south by the Mogadishu Sultanate and to the west by the Abyssinian Empire. After Adal's demise, the Majeerteen Sultanate was established around 1800 by Somalis from the Majeerteen Darod clan. It reached prominence during the 19th century, under the reign of the resourceful Boqor (King) Osman Mahamuud.

Due to consistent ship crashes along the northeastern Cape Guardafui headland, Boqor Osman's kingdom entered into an informal agreement with Britain, wherein the British agreed to pay the King annual subsidies to protect shipwrecked British crews and guard wrecks against plunder. The agreement, however, remained unratified, as the British feared that doing so would "give other powers a precedent for making agreements with the Somalis, who seemed ready to enter into relations with all comers."