In graph theory, the metric k-center or metric facility location problem is a combinatorial optimization problem studied in theoretical computer science. Given n cities with specified distances, one wants to build k warehouses in different cities and minimize the maximum distance of a city to a warehouse. In graph theory this means finding a set of k vertices for which the largest distance of any point to its closest vertex in the k-set is minimum. The vertices must be in a metric space, or in other words a complete graph that satisfies the triangle inequality.
Let be a metric space where is a set and is a metric
A set , is provided together with a parameter . The goal is to find a subset with such that the maximum distance of a point in to the closest point in is minimized. The problem can be formally defined as follows:
For a metric space (,d),