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Merlin 1C

Merlin 1D
SpaceX Testing Merlin 1D Engine In Texas.jpg
Test firing at SpaceX McGregor's test stand of the Merlin 1D
Country of origin United States
Manufacturer SpaceX
Application Main stage engine, Upper stage engine
Associated L/V Falcon 9, Falcon Heavy
Liquid-fuel engine
Propellant LOX / RP-1 (rocket grade kerosene)
Cycle gas-generator
Performance
Thrust (vac.) 914 kN (205,000 lbf)
Thrust (SL) 845 kN (190,000 lbf)
Thrust-to-weight ratio 180.1
Chamber pressure 9.7 MPa (1,410 psi)
Isp (vac.) 311 seconds
Isp (SL) 282 s (2.73 km/s)
Dimensions
Dry weight 1,030 pounds (470 kg)
References
References
Merlin 1C
SpaceX factory Merlin engine.jpg
Merlin 1C under construction at SpaceX factory
Country of origin United States
Manufacturer SpaceX
Application Main stage engine, Upper stage engine
Associated L/V Falcon 9
Liquid-fuel engine
Propellant LOX / RP-1 (rocket grade kerosene)
Cycle Gas-generator
Performance
Thrust (vac.) 480 kN (110,000 lbf)
Thrust (SL) 420 kN (94,000 lbf)
Thrust-to-weight ratio 96
Chamber pressure 6.77 MPa (982 psi)
Isp (vac.) 304.8 s (3.0 km/s)
Isp (SL) 275 s (2.6 km/s)
Dimensions
Length 2,920 mm (115 in)
Dry weight 1,380 pounds (630 kg)

Merlin is a family of rocket engines developed by SpaceX for use on its Falcon 1 and Falcon 9 launch vehicles. SpaceX also plans to use Merlin engines on its Falcon Heavy. Merlin engines use RP-1 and liquid oxygen as rocket propellants in a gas-generator power cycle. The Merlin engine was originally designed for sea recovery and reuse.

The injector at the heart of Merlin is of the pintle type that was first used in the Apollo program for the lunar module landing engine (LMDE).

Propellants are fed via a single shaft, dual impeller turbopump. The turbo-pump also provides high pressure fluid for the hydraulic actuators, which then recycles into the low pressure inlet. This eliminates the need for a separate hydraulic drive system and means that thrust vectoring control failure by running out of hydraulic fluid is not possible.

Three versions of the Merlin 1C engine have been produced. The Merlin engine for Falcon 1 had a movable turbo-pump exhaust assembly which was used to provide roll control by vectoring the exhaust. The Merlin 1C engine for the Falcon 9 first stage is nearly identical to the variant used for the Falcon 1 except that the turbo-pump exhaust assembly is not movable. Finally, a Merlin 1C vacuum variant is used on the Falcon 9 second stage. This engine differs from the Falcon 9 first stage variant in that it uses a larger exhaust nozzle optimized for vacuum operation and can be throttled between 60 and 100 percent.


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