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Mehmet III

Mehmed III
محمد ثالث
Caliph of Islam
Amir al-Mu'minin
Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques
Sultan Mehmet III of the Ottoman Empire.jpg
The portrait of Sultan Mehmet III by Italian painter Cristofano dell'Altissimo, 16th century.
13th Ottoman Sultan (Emperor)
Reign January 15, 1595 – December 22, 1603
Predecessor Murad III
Successor Ahmed I
Born May 26, 1566
Manisa Palace, Manisa, Ottoman Empire
Died December 21/22, 1603 (aged 37)
Topkapı Palace, Istanbul, Ottoman Empire
Consorts Handan Sultan
Halime Sultan
Haseki Sultan
Full name
Mehmed bin Murad
Dynasty House of Osman
Father Murad III
Mother Safiye Sultan
Tughra
Full name
Mehmed bin Murad

Mehmed III (Ottoman Turkish: محمد ثالث‎, Meḥmed-i sālis; Turkish: III. Mehmet; May 26, 1566 – December 21/22, 1603) was Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1595 until his death in 1603.

He was born at the Manisa Palace, during the reign of his great-grandfather, Suleiman the Magnificent, in 1566. He was the son of Şehzade Murad (later Murad III), himself the son of Şehzade Selim (later Selim II), who was the son of Sultan Suleiman and Hürrem Sultan. His mother was Safiye Sultan, an Albanian from the Dukagjin highlands. His great-grandfather died the year he was born and his grandfather became the new Sultan, Selim II. His grandfather Sultan Selim II died when Mehmed was 8 and Mehmed's father, Murad III, became Sultan in 1574. Mehmed thus became Crown Prince until his father's death in 1595, when he was 28 years old.

Mehmed III remains notorious even in Ottoman history for having nineteen of his brothers and half-brothers executed to secure power. They were all strangled by his deaf-mutes.

Mehmed III was an idle ruler, leaving government to his mother Safiye Sultan, the valide sultan. His first major problem was the rivalry between two of his viziers, Serdar Ferhad Pasha and Koca Sinan Pasha, and their supporters. His mother and her son-in-law Damat Ibrahim Pasha supported Koca Sinan Pasha, and prevented Mehmed III from taking control of the issue himself. The issue grew to cause major disturbances by janissaries. On 7 July 1595, Mehmed III finally sacked Serdar Ferhad Pasha from the position of Grand Vizier due to his failure in Wallachia and replaced him with Sinan.


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