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Medroxyprogesterone acetate

Medroxyprogesterone acetate
Medroxyprogesterone acetate.svg
17-acetato de medroxiprogesterona3D.png
Clinical data
Trade names Provera, Depo-Provera, Depo-SubQ Provera 104, Curretab, Cycrin, Farlutal, Gestapuran, Perlutex, Veramix, others
AHFS/Drugs.com Monograph
MedlinePlus a604039
Pregnancy
category
  • US: X (Contraindicated)
Routes of
administration
by mouth, intramuscular, subcutaneous
ATC code G03AC06 (WHO) G03DA02 (WHO), L02AB02 (WHO)
Legal status
Legal status
  • ℞ (Prescription only)
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability 99%
Protein binding 88% (to albumin)
Biological half-life By mouth: 12–33 hours
I.M.: ~50 days
S.C.: ~40 days
Identifiers
Synonyms NSC-26386
CAS Number 71-58-9
PubChem (CID) 6279
IUPHAR/BPS 2879
DrugBank DB00603
ChemSpider 6043
UNII C2QI4IOI2G
KEGG C08150 YesY
ChEBI CHEBI:6716
ChEMBL CHEMBL717 YesY
ECHA InfoCard 100.000.689
Chemical and physical data
Formula C24H34O4
Molar mass 386.52 g/mol
3D model (Jmol) Interactive image
  
Medroxyprogesterone acetate by injection
Prikpil.JPG
Background
Type Hormonal
First use ?
Failure rates (first year)
Perfect use 0.2%
Typical use 6%
Usage
Duration effect 3 months
(12–14 weeks)
Reversibility 3–18 months
User reminders Maximum interval is just under 3 months
Advantages and disadvantages
STI protection No
Period disadvantages Especially in first injection may be frequent spotting
Period advantages Usually no periods from 2nd injection
Benefits Especially good if poor pill compliance.
Reduced endometrial cancer risk.
Risks Reduced bone density, which may reverse after discontinuation
Medical notes
For those intending to start family, suggest switch 6 months prior to alternative method (e.g. POP) allowing more reliable return fertility.

Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), sold under the brand name Depo-Provera among others, is a manufactured hormone of the progestin type. It is used as birth control and as part of hormone replacement therapy for menopausal symptoms. It is also used to treat endometriosis, abnormal uterine bleeding, abnormal sexuality in males, and certain types of cancer. It is used by mouth or injection into a muscle or under the skin

Common side effects include no periods, abdominal pain, headaches, and anxiety. Other serious side effects include bone loss, blood clots, allergic reactions, depression, and liver problems. Use is not recommended during pregnancy as it may harm the baby. It works by decreasing the body's release of gonadotropins.

Medroxyprogesterone acetate was patented and came into medical use in 1958. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system. The wholesale cost in the developing world is about 0.59 to 1.57 USD per vial. In the United Kingdom this dose costs the NHS about 6.01 pounds. In the United States it costs less than 25 USD a dose as of 2015.


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