Max Kennedy Horton
| Sir Max Kennedy Horton | |
|---|---|
Admiral Sir Max Horton, 1943
|
|
| Born |
29 November 1883 Rhosneigr, Anglesey |
| Died | 30 July 1951 (aged 67) London |
| Allegiance |
 United Kingdom
|
| Service/branch |
 Royal Navy
|
| Years of service | 1898–1945 |
| Rank | Admiral |
| Commands held |
Western Approaches Command Flag Officer Submarines HMS E9 |
| Battles/wars |
|
| Awards |
Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath Distinguished Service Order & Two Bars Sea Gallantry Medal Mentioned in Despatches Order of St. George (Russia) Order of St. Vladimir (Russia) Order of St. Anna (Russia) Order of St. Stanislaus (Russia) Légion d'honneur (France) Croix de Guerre (France) Order of Orange-Nassau (Netherlands) Legion of Merit (United States) Order of St. Olaf (Norway) |
Admiral Sir Max Kennedy Horton, GCB, DSO & Two Bars, SGM (29 November 1883 – 30 July 1951) was a British submariner during the First World War and commander-in-chief of the Western Approaches in the latter half of the Second World War, responsible for British participation in the Battle of the Atlantic.
Horton joined the Royal Navy officer training ship, HMS Britannia on 15 September 1898. Whilst on HMS Duke of Edinburgh, he was involved in the rescue efforts when SS Delhi ran aground off Cape Spartel and was subsequently awarded the The Board of Trade Medal for Saving Life at Sea in silver.
The outbreak of war saw Lieutenant-Commander Horton in command of one of the first British ocean-going submarines, the 800-ton HMS E9. At dawn on 13 September 1914, he torpedoed the German light cruiser SMS Hela six miles southwest of Heligoland. Hela was hit amidships with the two torpedoes, fired from a range of 600 yards. All but two of her crew were rescued by the U-18 and another German ship. Although pursued most of the day by German naval forces, E9 managed to reach Harwich safely. Entering the port, Horton initiated the tradition of British submariners of hoisting the Jolly Roger after a successful patrol.
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