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Max Kennedy Horton

Sir Max Kennedy Horton
Max Horton 1943 IWM A 20789.jpg
Admiral Sir Max Horton, 1943
Born (1883-11-29)29 November 1883
Rhosneigr, Anglesey
Died 30 July 1951(1951-07-30) (aged 67)
London
Allegiance  United Kingdom
Service/branch  Royal Navy
Years of service 1898–1945
Rank Admiral
Commands held Western Approaches Command
Flag Officer Submarines
HMS E9
Battles/wars

First World War

  • North Sea & Baltic Sea

Second World War

Awards Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath
Distinguished Service Order & Two Bars
Sea Gallantry Medal
Mentioned in Despatches
Order of St. George (Russia)
Order of St. Vladimir (Russia)
Order of St. Anna (Russia)
Order of St. Stanislaus (Russia)
Légion d'honneur (France)
Croix de Guerre (France)
Order of Orange-Nassau (Netherlands)
Legion of Merit (United States)
Order of St. Olaf (Norway)

First World War

Second World War

Admiral Sir Max Kennedy Horton, GCB, DSO & Two Bars, SGM (29 November 1883 – 30 July 1951) was a British submariner during the First World War and commander-in-chief of the Western Approaches in the latter half of the Second World War, responsible for British participation in the Battle of the Atlantic.

Horton joined the Royal Navy officer training ship, HMS Britannia on 15 September 1898. Whilst on HMS Duke of Edinburgh, he was involved in the rescue efforts when SS Delhi ran aground off Cape Spartel and was subsequently awarded the The Board of Trade Medal for Saving Life at Sea in silver.

The outbreak of war saw Lieutenant-Commander Horton in command of one of the first British ocean-going submarines, the 800-ton HMS E9. At dawn on 13 September 1914, he torpedoed the German light cruiser SMS Hela six miles southwest of Heligoland. Hela was hit amidships with the two torpedoes, fired from a range of 600 yards. All but two of her crew were rescued by the U-18 and another German ship. Although pursued most of the day by German naval forces, E9 managed to reach Harwich safely. Entering the port, Horton initiated the tradition of British submariners of hoisting the Jolly Roger after a successful patrol.


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