Matthew Montagu, 4th Baron Rokeby (23 November 1762 – Montagu House, Portman Square, 1 September 1831), FRS, 6th Bart., known as Matthew Robinson until 1776, was a British Member of Parliament, and briefly a baronet and Peer of the Realm.
Montagu was born Matthew Robinson, the son of Morris Robinson of the Six Clerks' Office, Chancery Lane and nephew of Matthew Robinson, 2nd Baron Rokeby.
He was Elizabeth Robinson aka Mrs. Montagu's favoured nephew, under whose wish he took the name of Montagu in 1776. He changed his name and arms by Royal Licence to Montagu in advance of inheriting the estate of his paternal aunt at Sandleford Priory in Berkshire, and elsewhere, on 3 June 1776. Wraxall in his Memoir described Montagu's upbringing by his aunt: At her feet he was brought up, a school more adapted to form a man of taste and improvement than a statesman or a man of the world. Aside from his aunt's valuable training he was educated at Harrow and Trinity College, Cambridge. A 'faithful follower of Pitt', he represented the Cornish constituencies of Bossiney (1786–90), Tregony (1790–95) in the Parliament of Great Britain and St Germans (1806–12) in the Parliament of the United Kingdom.