The Master of Economics is a postgraduate master's degree in economics (M.Econ., M.Ec.; also MS in Economics, MA in Economics, MCom in Economics) comprising training in economic theory, econometrics and / or applied economics. The degree may be offered as a terminal degree or as additional preparation for doctoral study, and is sometimes offered as a professional degree, such as the emerging degree, M.P.S. in Applied Economics. The program emphases and curricula will differ correspondingly. Many universities (in the United States) do not offer the master's degree directly; rather, the degree is routinely awarded as a master's degree "en route", after completion of a designated phase of the Ph.D. program in economics. The course of study for the master's degree lasts from one to two years. A thesis is often required, particularly for terminal degrees.
Typically, the curriculum is structured around core topics, with any optional coursework to the program focus. The core modules are usually in microeconomic theory, macroeconomic theory and econometrics. Theory-focused degrees will tend to cover these more mathematically, and emphasize econometric theory as opposed to econometric techniques and software; these will also require a separate course in mathematical economics. Note though that regardless of focus, most programs "now place a marked emphasis on the primacy of mathematics", and many universities thus also require "quantitative techniques", especially where mathematical economics is not a core course. Some (doctoral) programs include core work in economic history.