Martha Custis Washington
| Martha Washington | |
|---|---|
 |
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| First Lady of the United States | |
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In role April 30, 1789 – March 4, 1797 |
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| President | George Washington |
| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | Abigail Adams |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
Martha Dandridge June 13, 1731 Chestnut Grove, Virginia, British America |
| Died | May 22, 1802 (aged 70) Mount Vernon, Virginia, U.S. |
| Spouse(s) |
Daniel Custis (1750–1757) George Washington (1759–1799) |
| Children | Daniel Frances John Patsy |
| Parents |
John Dandridge Frances Jones |
| Signature |  |
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 "First Lady Martha Washington", First Ladies: Influence & Image, C‑SPAN
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Martha Washington (née Dandridge; June 13 [O.S. June 2] 1731– May 22, 1802) was the wife of George Washington, the first president of the United States. Although the title was not coined until after her death, Martha Washington is considered to be the first First Lady of the United States. During her lifetime she was often referred to as "Lady Washington".
Widowed at 25, she had four children with her first husband Daniel Parke Custis. Two of her children by Custis survived to young adulthood. She brought great wealth to her marriage to Washington, which enabled him to buy land and many slaves to add to his personal estate. She also brought nearly 100 dower slaves for her use during her lifetime; they and their descendants reverted to her first husband's estate at her death and were inherited by his heirs. She and Washington did not have children together but they did rear her two children by Daniel Parke Custis, including son John "Jacky" Parke Custis, as well as helped both of their extended families.
Martha Dandridge was born on June 13, 1731 (O.S. June 2) on her parents' plantation Chestnut Grove in the British colony, Province of Virginia. She was the oldest daughter of John Dandridge (1700–1756), a Virginia planter and immigrant from England, by his wife Frances Jones (1710–1785), who was of American birth and English, Welsh, and French descent. Martha had three brothers and four sisters: John (1733–1749), William (1734–1776), Bartholomew (1737–1785), Anna Marie "Fanny" Bassett (1739–1777), Frances Dandridge (1744–1757), Elizabeth Aylet Henley (1749–1800) and Mary Dandridge (1756–1763).
Martha may have had an illegitimate half-sister, Ann Dandridge Costin (years of birth and death unknown) who was born into slavery; Costin's enslaved mother was of African and Cherokee descent, and her father was believed to be John Dandridge. Martha's father may also have fathered an out-of-wedlock half-brother to Martha named Ralph Dandridge (years of birth and death unknown), who was probably white.
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Wikipedia