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Maritimer English


Atlantic Canadian English is the class of Canadian English dialects spoken in the Atlantic provinces of Canada and notably distinct from Standard Canadian English. The set of dialects comprises Canadian Maritime English (or Maritimer English) and Newfoundland English. It is heavily influenced by British and Irish English, as well as Acadian French.

Here, /ɑːr/ is fronted and full Canadian raising occurs; the diphthongs /aɪ/ and /aʊ/ are raised to, respectively, [ʌɪ] and [ʌʊ] before the voiceless consonants /p/, /t/, /k/, /s/, /f/.

Nova Scotia English has a conservative // compared with other Canadian English. In all Atlantic Canadian English, /æ/ (the "short a sound") is raised before nasal consonants. This is strongly true in Sydney English specifically, which also features a merger of /æɡ/ and /ɡ/ (e.g. making haggle sound like Hagel). This merger, typical of Standard Canadian English as well, is not typical however of the rest of Atlantic Canadian English. Halifax and Saint John English show a New York City-like æ split (so bad and bag have a different vowel sound than bat and back).Lunenburg English may show non-rhotic behaviour. An influence of Hiberno- and Scottish English features is noticeable in Newfoundland English, including a fronting of /ɑː/~/ɒ/, the cheer–chair merger, the line–loin merger, and a distinct lack of the marry–merry merger.


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