Marie Stopes
| Marie Stopes | |
|---|---|
Stopes in her lab in 1904
|
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| Born | Marie Charlotte Carmichael Stopes 15 October 1880 Edinburgh |
| Died |
2 October 1958 (aged 77) Dorking, Surrey Breast cancer |
| Nationality | British |
| Fields | Science |
| Institutions | University of Manchester |
| Alma mater |
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| Known for | Family planning, Eugenics |
| Spouse |
Reginald Ruggles Gates (m. 1911; annulled 1914) Humphrey Verdon Roe (m. 1918; ? 1935) |
| Children | Harry Stopes-Roe |
Marie Charlotte Carmichael Stopes (15 October 1880 – 2 October 1958) was a British author, palaeobotanist and campaigner for eugenics and women's rights. She made significant contributions to plant palaeontology and coal classification, and was the first female academic on the faculty of the University of Manchester. With her second husband, Humphrey Verdon Roe, Stopes founded the first birth control clinic in Britain. Stopes edited the newsletter Birth Control News, which gave explicit practical advice. Her sex manual Married Love (1918) was controversial and influential, and brought the subject of birth control into wide public discourse. Stopes opposed abortion, arguing that the prevention of conception was all that was needed.
Stopes was born in Edinburgh. Her father, Henry Stopes, was a brewer, engineer, architect and palaeontologist from Colchester. Her mother was Charlotte Carmichael Stopes, a Shakespearean scholar and women's rights campaigner from Edinburgh. At six weeks old, her parents took Stopes from Scotland; the family stayed briefly in Colchester then moved to London, where in 1880 her father bought 28 Cintra Park in Upper Norwood. Both of her parents were members of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, where they had met. Marie was taken to meetings where she met the famous scholars of the day. At first, she was home-schooled, but from 1892 to 1894 she attended St George's School for Girls in Edinburgh. Stopes was later sent to the North London Collegiate School, where she was a close friend of Olga Fröbe-Kapteyn.
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