Marguerite Sechehaye

Marguerite A. Sechehaye (née Burdet; September 27, 1887 – June 1, 1964) was a Swiss psychotherapist. A pioneer in the psychoanalytic treatment of schizophrenics, she developed the symbolic realization method for treating psychotic patients. The approach was rooted in psychoanalytic and existential theory.

Sechehaye was raised in a Protestant family and, as was common at the time, attended a single-sex school. She studied at the University of Geneva where she attended lectures by Ferdinand de Saussure on linguistics. Her notes from these lectures assisted Charles Bally and her husband, Albert Sechehaye, to develop Course in General Linguistics. After graduating Sechehaye studied at the Rousseau Institute, where she worked as the assistant of Édouard Claparède, and later went on to establish her own practice based on the encouragement of Raymond de Saussure.

Sechehaye followed the work of Sigmund Freud and Jean Piaget closely, believing there was a link between psychosis and trauma experienced as a child. One of her most notable cases was undertaken with a psychotic patient referred to as "Renée", a pseudonym used for Louisa Düss who the Sechehayes eventually adopted. Over the course of their work together, Sechehaye took the unique approach of chronicling Düss' journal entries and personal reflections in tandem with her own clinical commentary. The approach significantly influenced mental illness research by introducing an antipsychiatry framework that positioned the patient's experiences as a valid means of establishing their case histories. As a result of this work, the book "Autobiography of a Schizophrenic Girl: The True Story of "Renee" was published highlighting the most memorable aspects of the disease.