María Rosa Gallo (1921–2004) was an Argentine actress.
Born of a Calabrian father and Spanish mother on 20 December 1921, Gallo studied at the Conservatorio Nacional de Música y Arte Dramático (National Conservatory of Music and Performing Arts) where she studied under Antonio Cunill Cabanellas. She graduated in 1943 with a gold medal and made her debut the same year in Eva Franco's El Carnaval del Diablo ("The Carnival of the Devil"). She was received with rave reviews and compared favorably to Margarita Xirgu.
In 1947, following the election of Juan Perón, Gallo left Argentina for Chile and, eventually, Italy. In Rome she studied at the Silvio D'Amico Academy of Dramatic Arts with the director Silvio D'Amico, director, and Orazio Costa. After graduating in 1952, she appeared in Dialogues of the Carmelites at the Piccolo Teatro Della Città Di Roma and starred at the Piccolo Teatro di Milano the world premiere of Diego Fabbri's Processo a Gesù ("The Trial of Jesus").
Returning to Argentina in 1958, she performed in many successful plays including The Dog in the Manger, with Alfredo Alcón and Osvaldo Bonet, and Les Troyens, which received the Critics Award from the National Endowment for the Arts. Television performances include Romeo y Julieta, Perla Negra ("The Black Pearl") (for which them she received two separate Martin Fierro Awards for her performances), and, more recently, 22 El Loco alongside Adrián Suar, where she played the grandmother of the protagonist. Her film credits include The Hand in the Trap, winner of the FIPRESCI Prize at the 1961 Cannes Film Festival.