Mārtiņš Peniķis
| Mārtiņš Peniķis | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Born |
November 6, 1874 Turlava parish, Russian Empire (Now  Latvia) |
| Died | February 18, 1964 (aged 89) Riga, Latvian SSR |
| Allegiance |
Russian Empire Latvia |
| Service/branch | Army |
| Rank | General |
| Battles/wars |
Russo Japanese War World War I Latvian War of Independence |
| Awards |
Order of St. Stanislaus Order of St. Anna Order of St. George St. George Sword Order of Lāčplēsis Order of the Three Stars French Order of the Legion of Honour Order of Polonia Restituta Estonian Cross of Liberty Lithuanian Order of Vytis Finnish Order of the White Rose |
Mārtiņš Peniķis (1874–1964) was a Latvian general and commander in chief of Latvian Army from 1928 to 1934. He was awarded with Order of Lāčplēsis and Order of the Three stars.
Mārtiņš Peniķis was born 6 November 1874 at Atālmauli homestead, Turlava parish, Courland Governorate in an ancient family of Curonian Kings. He studied at the Kuldīga city school.
In 1896 he enlisted in the Russian Imperial Army and served in the 133rd Simferopole Infantry Regiment. In 1900 he started studies in the war school and graduated in 1902. He was promoted to the rank of podporuchik and deployed to 121st Harkov Infantry Regiment. During the Russo-Japanese war he saw action in many battles including the Battle of Mukden. In 1913 he was admitted to the Nikolai Military Academy.
In the early stages of the First World War Peniķis served as a company commander in Galicia and in battles around Krakov. He was wounded in December 1914. In 1915 he was promoted to the rank of colonel and participated in battles in Belorussia. In autumn of 1916 he was transferred to the Latvian Rifleman units and became commander of 2nd Riga Latvian Rifleman Regiment. He led his regiment in the Christmas Battles and at the Battle of Jugla in autumn of 1917. After the October Revolution, Peniķis left the army and stayed in German occupied Vidzeme where he was interned. He was released in November 1918.
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