Lymphocystivirus
| Lymphocystivirus | |
|---|---|
| Virus classification | |
| Group: | Group I (dsDNA) |
| Family: | Iridoviridae |
| Genus: | Lymphocystivirus |
| Type Species | |
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Lymphocystivirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Iridoviridae. Fish serve as natural hosts. There is currently only one species in this genus: the type species Lymphocystis disease virus 1. Diseases associated with this genus include: tumor-like growths on the skin.
Lymphocystivirus is one of five genera of viruses within the viral family Iridoviridae, and one of three genera within this family which infect teleost fishes, along with Megalocytivirus and Ranavirus. Lymphocystiviruses infect more than 140 freshwater and marine species, spanning at least 42 host families worldwide, causing the chronic, self-limiting clinical disease, lymphocystis. While lymphocystis does not cause mass mortality events like megalocytiviruses and ranaviruses, fish with lymphocystis exhibit grossly visible papilloma-like skin lesions which substantially reduce their commercial value. No vaccines are currently available for lymphocystis viruses.
Group: dsDNA
The genus Lymphocystivirus has only one species: Lymphocystis disease virus 1 (LCDV-1), but Lymphocystis disease virus 2 (LCD-2) is another virus that has been proposed as a second member. LCDV-1 infects European flounder Platichthys flesus and European plaice (Pleuronectes platessa). LCDV-2 infects the common dab (Limanda limanda). A third species Lymphocystis disease virus C has also been proposed based on the relative lack of sequence similarity of an isolate from the olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceous) to LCDV-1 and LCDV-2.
Lymphocystiviruses are Group I viruses with a dsDNA genome. The LCDV-1 genome is approximately 102.7 kilobase pairs (kbp) in length, with 195 potential open reading frames (ORF), and codes for two DNA-dependent RNA polymerase subunits, a DNA methyltransferase, a DNA polymerase, a guanosine triphosphate phosphohydrolase (GTPase), a helicase, protein kinases, a ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase, and zinc-finger proteins, among others. The LCDV-2 genome is similar to that of LCDV-1 but is slightly smaller, approximately 98 kilobase pairs (kbp) in length.
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