Luigi Pirandello
| Luigi Pirandello | |
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Luigi Pirandello in 1932.
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| Born |
28 June 1867 Agrigento, Sicily, Italy |
| Died | 10 December 1936 (aged 69) Rome, Italy |
| Occupation | Writer |
| Nationality | Italian |
| Ethnicity | Italian |
| Alma mater | University of Bonn |
| Genre | Drama, novel, poetry |
| Subject | Insanity, humour |
| Literary movement | Decadent movement |
| Notable works |
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| Notable awards |
Nobel Prize in Literature 1934 |
| Years active | 1893–1933 |
| Spouse | Maria Antonietta Portulano (m. 1894) |
| Children | Stefano (1895–1972) Rosalia (1897–1971) Fausto (1899–1975) |
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Luigi Pirandello (Italian: [luˈiːdʒi piranˈdɛllo]; Agrigento 28 June 1867 – Rome 10 December 1936) was an Italian dramatist, novelist, poet and short story writer whose greatest contributions were his plays. He was awarded the 1934 Nobel Prize in Literature for "his almost magical power to turn psychological analysis into good theatre." Pirandello's works include novels, hundreds of short stories, and about 40 plays, some of which are written in Sicilian. Pirandello's tragic farces are often seen as forerunners of the Theatre of the Absurd.
Pirandello was born into an upper-class family in a village with the curious name of u Càvusu (Chaos), a poor suburb of Girgenti (Agrigento, a town in southern Sicily). His father, Stefano, belonged to a wealthy family involved in the sulphur industry, and his mother, Caterina Ricci Gramitto, was also of a well-to-do background, descending from a family of the bourgeois professional class of Agrigento. Both families, the Pirandellos and the Ricci Gramittos, were ferociously anti-Bourbon and actively participated in the struggle for unification and democracy ("Il Risorgimento"). Stefano participated in the famous Expedition of the Thousand, later following Garibaldi all the way to the battle of Aspromonte, and Caterina, who had hardly reached the age of thirteen, was forced to accompany her father to Malta, where he had been sent into exile by the Bourbon monarchy. But the open participation in the Garibaldian cause and the strong sense of idealism of those early years were quickly transformed, above all in Caterina, into an angry and bitter disappointment with the new reality created by the unification. Pirandello would eventually assimilate this sense of betrayal and resentment and express it in several of his poems and in his novel The Old and the Young. It is also probable that this climate of disillusion inculcated in the young Luigi the sense of disproportion between ideals and reality which is recognizable in his essay on humorism (L'Umorismo).
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