Louise Françoise de Bourbon (4 December 1707 – 19 August 1743) was a grand daughter of Louis XIV of France and his mistress Françoise Athénaïs de Rochechouart de Mortemart, better known as Madame de Montespan. Louise-Françoise was known as Mademoiselle du Maine and had no children.

Louise Françoise de Bourbon was born at the Palace of Versailles to Louis Auguste de Bourbon, Légitimé de France, duc du Maine and his wife Louise Bénédicte de Bourbon, known as Mademoiselle de Charolais prior to her marriage. Her father was the eldest legitimised son of Louis XIV and Madame de Montespan. Her mother was later a famous salon hostess at the family home Château de Sceaux. Her mother was also a grand daughter of le Grand Condé.

Known as Mademoiselle du Maine, she was the youngest of seven children two others of which had been female but had died in infancy.

Mademoiselle du Maine was placed in the Abbaye de Maubuisson, a very prestigious abbey in the Saint-Ouen-l'Aumône area of France, the north-western suburbs of Paris, France. It is located 27.6 km (17.1 mi) from the center of Paris. As such she grew up here; when once visiting Madame de Maintenon in 1717, Maintenon said that she and her two brothers would have been very pleased with them.

Louise-Françoise was very close to her parents even though the latter were never really close. Louise-Françoise's mother would frequently embarrass her husband and this caused much friction. On 9 April 1714, she was baptised with the name of her aunt Louise Françoise de Bourbon, known as Madame la Duchesse. Madame la Duchesse had grown up with the Duke of Maine under the care of Madame de Maintenon. Present at her baptism were the Dauphin, Louis de France who was the guest of honour being helped by Mademoiselle du Maine's other paternal aunt, the Duchess of Orléans. It was the Cardinal de Rohan who baptised Mademoiselle du Maine.

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