Lothians

Lothian
Area
• Total	1,720 km2 (666 sq mi)
Population (2014)
• Total	858,090
• Density	497/km2 (1,288/sq mi)

Lothian (/ˈloʊ.ði.ən/; Scots: Lowden;Scottish Gaelic: Lodainn [ˈɫ̪ot̪aɲ]) is a region of the Scottish Lowlands, lying between the southern shore of the Firth of Forth and the Lammermuir Hills. The principal settlement is the Scottish capital, Edinburgh, while other significant towns include Livingston, Linlithgow, Queensferry, Dalkeith, Musselburgh, North Berwick, Dunbar, and Haddington.

Historically, the term Lothian referred to a province encompassing most of what is now southeastern Scotland. In the 7th century it came under the control of the Anglian kingdom of Bernicia, the northern part of the later kingdom of Northumbria, but the Angles' grip on Lothian was quickly weakened following the Battle of Nechtansmere in which they were defeated by the Picts. Lothian was annexed to the Kingdom of Scotland around the 10th century.

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