List of premodern combat weapons

This is a list of historical pre-modern weapons grouped according to their uses, with rough classes set aside for very similar weapons. Some weapons may fit more than one category (e.g. the spear may be used either as a pole weapon or as a projectile), and the earliest gunpowder weapons which fit within the period are also included.

Single-handed weapons not resembling a straight dagger blade, usually wielded without wrist action; often protects the forearm.

Thrusting and slicing weapons for close quarters melee. Col. D.H. Gordon's classification has been used where applicable.

Delineated as 20-28 inches/51–71 cm total length.

Long swords were classified by Gordon as longer than 28 inches/71 cm.

Generally, convex blades used for heavy chopping or slashing.

Generally short, concave blades used for heavy cutting.

Wielded with one or two hands at close quarters with swinging motions.

Wielded mainly with two hands. Primarily for melee with sweeping, thrusting, and/or hooking motions.

Thrown spears and javelins are listed under ranged weapons.

All could be used as polearm spears, but were designed and primarily used for throwing.

Could also be used as axe weapons, but were specifically designed for throwing.

Having a built-in gun or ranged weapon combined with some other type of weapon.

Having multiple handles or holdable sections.

Having a heavy object attached to a flexible chain. Wielded by swinging, throwing, or projecting the end, as well as wrapping, striking, and blocking with the chain.

Used not only to block strikes and missiles but also swung outwardly (or in quick upward motions) to strike an opponent. Also used to rush an opponent (known as shield bashing). Some shields had spikes, sharp edges, or other offensive designs.

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