List of former sovereign states

A historical state or historical sovereign state is a state that once existed, but have since been dissolved due to conflict, war, rebellion or uprising.

This page lists sovereign states, countries, nations, empires or territories that have ceased to exist as political entities, grouped geographically and by constitutional nature.

The criteria for inclusion in this list is similar to that of the List of states with limited recognition. To be included here, a polity must have claimed statehood and either:

For purposes of this list, the cutoff between medieval and early modern states is the Fall of Constantinople in 1453.

Oyo Empire 1300-1896

Bornu Empire 1380-1893

Ashanti Empire 1701-1957

Ibadan Empire 1860- 1893

In the Indian subcontinent:

In the Nordic countries, unions were personal, not unitary

Significant territory changes occurred in the overseas possessions of the UK, referred to as the British Empire at times during the period 1497–1997 (see territorial evolution of the British Empire).

These were all colonies, League of Nations mandates, or United Nations trust territories, most of which were renamed after their independence.

These states are now dissolved into a number of states, none of which retain the old name.

Four of the homelands, or bantustans, for black South Africans, were granted nominal independence from South Africa. Not recognised by other nations, these puppet states were re-incorporated in 1994.

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