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List of automated urban metro subway systems


The London Underground's Victoria line, opened in 1967, was the first line operated with Automatic Train Operation ATO. Many lines now operate like that, with the aim of improving the frequency of service. Since then, ATO technology has been developed to enable trains to operate without a driver in a cab: either with an attendant roaming within the train, or with no staff on board.

This list focuses heavily on trains in the classical sense used for large-scale metros and railways but does include a few people mover systems.

The list is ordered in descending order of the degree of automation. It uses the Grade of Automation classifications specified by the standard IEC 62290‐1. These are explained diagrammatically by the UITP

These systems are capable of unattended train operation (UTO), although some operators may choose to staff trains anyway.


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