Lisdexamfetamine
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| Clinical data | |
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| Trade names | Tyvense, Elvanse, Venvanse, Vyvanse |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a607047 |
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| Dependence liability |
Physical: none Psychological: moderate |
| Addiction liability |
Moderate |
| Routes of administration |
Oral (capsules) |
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| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | 96.4% |
| Metabolism |
Hydrolysis by enzymes in red blood cells initially. Subsequent metabolism follows Amphetamine#Pharmacokinetics. |
| Onset of action | 2 hours |
| Biological half-life | ≤1 hour (prodrug molecule) 9–11 hours (dextroamphetamine) |
| Duration of action | 12 hours |
| Excretion | Renal: ~2% |
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| Synonyms | Vyvanse |
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| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C15H25N3O |
| Molar mass | 263.378 g/mol |
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Lisdexamfetamine (contracted from L-lysine-dextroamphetamine) is a prodrug of the central nervous system (CNS) stimulant dextroamphetamine, a phenethylamine of the amphetamine class that is used in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and binge eating disorder. Its chemical structure consists of dextroamphetamine coupled with the essential amino acid L-lysine. Lisdexamfetamine itself is inactive prior to its absorption and the subsequent rate-limited enzymatic cleavage of the molecule's L-lysine portion, which produces the active metabolite (dextroamphetamine).
Lisdexamfetamine can be prescribed for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults and children six and older, as well as for moderate to severe binge eating disorder in adults. The safety and the efficacy of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate in children with ADHD three to five years old have not been established.
Lisdexamfetamine is a Class B/Schedule II substance in the United Kingdom and a Schedule II controlled substance in the United States (DEA number 1205) and the aggregate production quota for 2016 in the United States is 29,750 kilograms of anhydrous acid or base. Lisdexamfetamine is currently in Phase III trials in Japan for ADHD.
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