Liberty Tower (New York)
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Liberty Tower
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(2013)
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 Liberty Tower
Liberty Tower
Liberty Tower
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| Location | 55 Liberty St. Manhattan, New York City |
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| Coordinates | 40°42′32″N 74°0′34″W / 40.70889°N 74.00944°WCoordinates: 40°42′32″N 74°0′34″W / 40.70889°N 74.00944°W |
| Built | 1909=10 |
| Architect | Henry Ives Cobb |
| Architectural style | Gothic |
| NRHP Reference # | 83001734 |
| Significant dates | |
| Added to NRHP | September 15, 1983 |
| Designated NYCL | August 24, 1982 |
The Liberty Tower, formerly the Sinclair Oil Building, is located at 55 Liberty Street at the corner of Nassau Street in the Financial District of Manhattan, New York City was built in 1909–10 as a commercial office building and was designed by Chicago architect Henry Ives Cobb in a Gothic Revival style. It was built on a site adjacent to the New York City Chamber of Commerce Building (1901); the subsequent New York Federal Reserve Bank building was constructed to the east, across Nassau Street, in 1922. A completely free-standing 33-story building, in 1909 Liberty Tower was the tallest building in the world with such a small footprint. The limestone building is covered in white architectural terracotta ornamented with birds and alligators and other fanciful subjects.
Before its construction in 1909, a prior building on the same site housed the offices of the New York Evening Post under editor William Cullen Bryant, and served as the first headquarters of the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, established by Henry Bergh in 1867.
President Theodore Roosevelt's law office was one of its first commercial tenants after the building opened in 1910. In 1917, an office was leased as cover for German spies seeking to prevent America's intervention in World War I (then called "The Great War"). The plot involved an attempt to draw the United States into a diversionary war with Mexico and Japan. The plot was exposed on March 1, 1917, with news reports of an intercepted telegram decoded by British cryptographers, the notorious "Zimmermann Telegram", which prompted President Woodrow Wilson to declare war against Germany a month later.
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