Leonard Salomon Ornstein
| Leonard Ornstein | |
|---|---|
Leonard Salomon Ornstein (1927)
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| Born | November 12, 1880 Nijmegen, the Netherlands |
| Died |
May 20, 1941 (aged 60) Utrecht, the Netherlands |
| Residence | Netherlands |
| Nationality | Dutch |
| Fields | Physicist |
| Institutions | University of Utrecht |
| Alma mater | University of Leiden |
| Doctoral advisor | Hendrik Lorentz |
| Doctoral students |
Marcel Minnaert H. C. Hamaker Arie Andries Kruithof |
| Known for |
Ornstein-Zernike equation Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process |
Leonard Salomon Ornstein (November 12, 1880 in Nijmegen, the Netherlands – May 20, 1941 in Utrecht, the Netherlands) was a Dutch physicist.
He studied theoretical physics with Hendrik Antoon Lorentz at University of Leiden. He subsequently carried out Ph.D. research under the supervision of Lorentz, concerning an application of the statistical mechanics of Gibbs to molecular problems.
In 1914 he was appointed professor of physics, as successor of Peter Debye, at University of Utrecht. Among his doctoral students was Jan Frederik Schouten. In 1922 he became director of Physical Laboratory (Fysisch Laboratorium) and extended his research interests to experimental subjects. His measurements concerning intensities of spectral lines brought Physical Laboratory in the international limelight.
He is also remembered for the Ornstein-Zernike theory (named after Ornstein and Frederik Zernike) concerning correlation functions, and the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process, a .
Together with Gilles Holst, director of Philips Research Laboratories (Philips Natuurkundig Laboratorium), he was the driving force behind establishing the Dutch Physical Society (Nederlands Natuurkundig Vereniging, NNV) in 1921. From 1939 until November 1940 he was Chairman of this Society. From 1918 until 1922 Ornstein was Chairman of the Dutch Zionist Society (Nederlandse Zionistische Vereniging). In 1929 he became member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences.
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