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Lennox sisters


The Lennox sisters were eighteenth-century British aristocrats, the daughters of Charles Lennox, 2nd Duke of Richmond (1701–50) and his wife the former Lady Sarah Cadogan (1705–1751). Four sisters — Caroline (1723–74), Emily (1731–1814), Louisa (1743–1821), and Sarah (1745–1826) — married prominent men and attracted varying degrees of admiration or notoriety. A fifth sister died aged 19, and two others in infancy.

They were the daughters of the Second Duke of Richmond and of Sarah, a daughter of William Cadogan, the army general. Their paternal grandfather was an illegitimate son of Charles II.

Georgiana Caroline Lennox was born on 27 March 1723. In 1744, at the age of 21, she eloped with Henry Fox, a Whig politician. He was the brother of Stephen, first Earl of Ilchester, and son of politician Sir Stephen Fox. Though she was eventually reconciled with her parents, she was cut out of her father's will. In 1762, she was raised to the peerage as Baroness Holland of Holland in the County of Lincolnshire. Her husband became Baron Holland of Foxley in the County of Wiltshire the next year. Her three surviving sons (one other died young) were dissipated, caused her great grief over their gambling, and this may have contributed to her death. She died on 24 July 1774, soon after Henry Fox.

Emilia Mary Lennox was born on 6 October 1731 and died on 27 March 1814. On 7 February 1747 she married James Fitzgerald, 20th Earl of Kildare and 1st Duke of Leinster, becoming Emily Fitzgerald, Duchess of Leinster. The couple had at least sixteen children, twelve of whom survived to adulthood. In 1774, a year after her husband died in 1773, Emily outraged society in Ireland by marrying her children's tutor, William Ogilvie, in France. With Ogilvie she had four more children. The couple returned from France in 1779.


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