Leland Ossian Howard, Ph.D., M.D. (June 11, 1857 in Rockford, Illinois – May 1, 1950), was an American entomologist.
He graduated from Cornell University in 1877. He was later employed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, and became chief of the Bureau of Entomology in 1894. He was the editor of Insect Life, lecturer on entomology at several colleges and universities, and a contributor to reference books on the subject of entomology. He was made permanent secretary of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, honorary curator in the United States National Museum, and consulting entomologist of the Public Health Service. He was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1916