Legionella clemsonensis
| Legionella clemsonensis | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Bacteria |
| Phylum: | Proteobacteria |
| Class: | Gammaproteobacteria |
| Order: | Legionellales |
| Family: | Legionellaceae |
| Genus: | Legionella |
| Species: | L. clemsonensis |
| Binomial name | |
|
Legionella clemsonensis Palmer et al. 2016 |
|
Legionella clemsonensis was isolated in 2006, but was discovered in 2016 by Clemson researchers. It is an organism that is gram negative bacterium.
“Legionella” is named after the American Legion where the first outbreak occurred killing 34 people and sickening 221 individuals in 1976. It occurred in Philadelphia during the convention for the association of the U.S. veterans. “Clemsonensis” derives from “Clemson” where Clemson undergraduates were able to sequence this new strain. Such as its other common strains: Legionella pneumophila, L. Feeleii, and L.sainthelensi, Legionella has a correlation with another genus called Coxiella. Both cause lung infection that can eventually led to pneumonia due to the intracellular bacteria in aerosols.
Based on physical characteristics, phylogenetic analysis, and membrane fatty acid composition, it was determined that the organism represented a unique lineage within the Legionella bacteria.The specific strain for Legionella clemsonensis is D5610. It was named in honor of the research group of students from the Clemson’s Creative Inquiry.Legionella clemsonensis was first isolated in 2006 from the bronchial wash of a patient diagnosed with pneumonia. Bronchial washing is part of a bronchoscopy procedure. After being isolated and stored, strain D5610 was acquired by The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). CDC sent 68 strains of Legionella, including strain D5610 for students to analyze at Clemson University. When isolated, it was shown to be very similar to bacteria genus Legionella. Researchers stated that "it was identified as Legionella based on sequencing, cellular fatty acid analysis, biochemical reactions, and biofilm characterization." For a physical characterization of Legionella clemsonensis, it was streaked for a single colony isolation using a charcoal yeast extract agar and required cysteine for primary isolation. No growth was shown, which was typical of Legionella strains. A characteristic that was found about Legionella clemsonensis is that it has a single, polar flagella. Researchers also used fatty acid methyl ester analyses to distinguish differences between the Legionella strains. Cellular fatty acid composition was analyzed using a Sherlock microbial Identification System.
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