Landštejn

Landštejn
Castle
Country	Czech Republic
Region	South Bohemia
District	Okres Jindřichův Hradec
Municipality	Staré Město pod Landštejnem
Coordinates	49°1′26″N 15°13′50″E / 49.02389°N 15.23056°E / 49.02389; 15.23056Coordinates: 49°1′26″N 15°13′50″E / 49.02389°N 15.23056°E / 49.02389; 15.23056
Style	Romanesque
Date	early 13th century
Location in the Czech Republic
Website: http://www.hrad-landstejn.eu/en/

Landštejn Castle is a 13th-century castle in the Jindřichův Hradec District of South Bohemia, Czech Republic, in the municipality of Staré Město pod Landštejnem. The earliest written record of the castle is from 1231, at which time it was the largest Romanesque castle in the Czech lands. It is one of the oldest and best preserved such structures in Europe. The two large towers are connected by a wall defining the upper castle and its courtyard. The six-story southern tower is the main tower and is fully preserved, including a gate in the western wall.

Archaeologists have uncovered evidence of an even older castle under Landštejn in Pomezí, and it is thought the Landštejn of today was built by the Moravian Přemyslides as their military base. When and how the Vítkovici came into possession of Landštejn is not recorded. The Lords of Landštejn won increasing political influence through acts of personal bravery. Under Vilém of Landštejn their estates, as well as the castle and Nová Bystřice, included Třeboň, Lomnice and Nové Hrady. After initial resistance, Vilém accepted a feudal obligation in 1317 and became adviser to King John of Luxemburg. He was also on friendly terms with King Charles IV, who supported him in his violent conflict with his distant relative, Jindřich of Hradec.

In 1381 Konrád Krajíř of Krajka obtained the estate, which then belonged to his family for nearly two centuries. They strengthened the fortifications substantially and built new palaces round the five-cornered courtyard. In 1579 the last member of the Krajíř family, Anna Roupovská, sold Landštejn to Stěpán of Eincing, and there were then several owners in quick succession. The Herbersteins owned the castle from 1685 till 1816 when the last member of the family, Count Josef died. In 1771 lightning struck one of the towers and the castle was burnt out, and fell into ruin, providing building material for the local population. After a lengthy dispute over inheritance, the abandoned castle fell to Baron Ferdinand Sternbach in 1846.