Lagerordnung

The Lagerordnung was the "Disciplinary and Penal Code", first written for Dachau concentration camp, which became the uniform code at all SS concentration camps in the Third Reich on January 1, 1934. Also known as the Strafkatalog (Punishment Catalogue), it detailed the regulations for prisoners. SS guards were instructed to report violations of the code to the commandant's office. The Concentration Camps Inspectorate was responsible for execution of the resulting punishment, which was carried out without verification of the allegations or any possibility of vindication (see "Procedures for punishing violations").

The early, temporary concentration camps, such as Kemna concentration camp, did not have unified, coordinated regulations, but rather drew their Lagerordnung from regulations then in use at various police departments and prisons run by the justice system. Differences were nonetheless minor. Some banned smoking, others allowed prisoners to receive food parcels or visits from family members. The regulations were still based on existing law and the camps were patterned after ordinary detention centers. The early camps had penalties such as denial of privileges, or for more severe cases, solitary confinement, a hard bed, denial of food or solitary confinement in a darkened cell, but there is no corporal punishment. The early camps were primarily controlled by the SA or the Gestapo.

Dachau, in contrast, was under the control of the SS. Sometime in May 1933, SS camp commandant Hilmar Wäckerle wrote the first Lagerordnung for a concentration camp. It gave full jurisdiction to the office of camp commandant, making him the sole legal authority. To impose capital punishment at Dachau, with the Lagerordnung it would be sufficient to have a judgment from two SS men — appointed by the commandant. A defense of the accused would no longer be recorded. The executive, judicial and legislative were unified; the separation of powers and system of opposing checks and balances abolished. Through the ever-present threat of the death penalty, Dachau would create a constant state of emergency for the inmate.

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