Ladislaus IV of Hungary
| Ladislaus IV | |
|---|---|
Ladislaus the Cuman's seal
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| King of Hungary and Croatia | |
| Reign | 1272–1290 |
| Coronation | after 6 August 1272 |
| Predecessor | Stephen V |
| Successor | Andrew III |
| Born | 5 August 1262 |
| Died | 10 July 1290 (aged 27) Körösszeg (Cheresig, Romania) |
| Burial | Cathedral of Csanád (Cenad, Romania) |
| Spouse | Elizabeth of Sicily |
| Dynasty | Árpád |
| Father | Stephen V of Hungary |
| Mother | Elizabeth the Cuman |
Ladislaus the Cuman (Hungarian: IV. (Kun) László, Croatian: Ladislav IV. Kumanac, Slovak: Ladislav IV. Kumánsky; 5 August 1262 – 10 July 1290), also known as Ladislas the Cuman, was King of Hungary and Croatia from 1272 to 1290. His mother, Elizabeth, was the daughter of a chieftain from the pagan Cumans who had settled in Hungary. At the age of seven, he married Elisabeth (or Isabella), a daughter of King Charles I of Sicily. Ladislaus was only ten when a rebellious lord, Joachim Gutkeled, kidnapped and imprisoned him.
Ladislaus was still a prisoner when his father, Stephen V, died on 6 August 1272. During his minority, many groupings of barons—primarily the Abas, Kőszegis, and Gutkeleds—fought against each other for supreme power. Ladislaus was declared to be of age at an assembly of the prelates, barons, noblemen, and Cumans in 1277. He allied himself with Rudolf I of Germany against Ottokar II of Bohemia. His forces had a preeminent role in Rudolf's victory over Ottokar in the Battle on the Marchfeld on 26 August 1278.
However, Ladislaus could not restore royal power in Hungary. A papal legate, Philip, Bishop of Fermo, came to Hungary to help Ladislaus to consolidate his authority, but the prelate was shocked at the presence of thousands of pagan Cumans in Hungary. Ladislaus promised that he would force them to adopt a Christian lifestyle, but they refused to obey the legate's demands. Ladislaus decided to support the Cumans, for which Philip of Fermo excommunicated him. The Cumans imprisoned the legate, and the legate's partisans captured Ladislaus. In early 1280, Ladislaus agreed to persuade the Cumans to submit to the legate, but many Cumans preferred to leave Hungary.
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