La Pellegrina

The Pilgrim Woman (La pellegrina) was an entertainment given at the Florentine Intermedi in 1592. At its core was a 1579 play of the same name written by Girolamo Bargagli of Siena that had been performed for the first time on 2 May 1589, after the author's death in 1586. This was enhanced with six intermezzo designs created by Bernardo Buontalenti, known as the master of Florentine spectacle. Six then-famous composers from Florence contributed music, including some of the most virtuosic vocal writing of the period, early examples of monody. The opening aria, Dalle piu alte sfere, is believed to be by Emilio de' Cavalieri (Palisca, Norton Anthology of Music), although it is sometimes attributed to Antonio Archilei, whose wife Vittoria had sung it in the role of Armonia in the 1589 production.

The entertainment is mostly known because it was staged on the occasion of the marriage of Ferdinand I de' Medici, Grand-Duke of Tuscany, with Christine de Lorraine, grand-daughter of the former queen-mother of France, Catherine de' Medici. Its musical interludes (or intermedi or intermezzi) have been played by the Huelgas Ensemble, in 1998; by the Hollands Vocaal Ensemble, in 2003; by the Capriccio Stravagante Renaissance Orchestra, in 2007; and, in selections, by Consort Astræa, in 2009. A staged version was mounted in 1989 in Minneapolis by the Ex Machina Baroque Opera Ensemble. In 2014 the Texas Early Music Project, in Austin, gave the first U.S. performance of the 21st century.

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