La Gironde
|
Girondins
|
|
|---|---|
| Leader |
Marquis de Condorcet Jean-Marie Roland Jacques Pierre Brissot Pierre Victurnien Vergniaud |
| Founded | 1791 |
| Dissolved | 1793 |
| Headquarters | Bordeaux, Gironde |
| Newspaper |
Patriote français Le Courrier de Provence La chronique de Paris |
| Ideology |
Abolitionism Liberal conservatism Republicanism |
| Political position |
Centre-right (of the Jacobins) |
The Girondins (French: [ʒiʁɔ̃dɛ̃]) or Girondists were members of a loosely knit political faction during the French Revolution. From 1791 to 1793, the Girondins were active in the Legislative Assembly and the National Convention. Together with the Montagnards, they initially were part of the Jacobin movement. They campaigned for the end of the monarchy, but then resisted the spiraling momentum of the Revolution, which caused a conflict with the more radical Montagnards. They dominated the movement until their fall in the insurrection of 31 May – 2 June 1793, which resulted in the domination of the Montagnards and the purge and mass execution of the Girondins. This event is considered to mark the start of the Reign of Terror.
The Girondins were a group of loosely affiliated individuals rather than an organized political party and the name was at first informally applied because the most prominent exponents of their point of view were deputies to the Legislative Assembly from the département of Gironde in southwest France.
Girondin leader Jacques-Pierre Brissot proposed an ambitious military plan to spread the Revolution internationally, thus the Girondins were the war party in 1792–1793. Other prominent Girondins included Jean Marie Roland and his wife Madame Roland. They had an ally in the English-born American activist Thomas Paine. Brissot and Madame Roland were executed and Jean Roland (who had gone into hiding) committed suicide when he learned about the execution. Paine was imprisoned, but narrowly escaped execution. The famous painting Death of Marat depicts the killing of the fiery radical journalist (and denouncer of the Girondins) Jean-Paul Marat by the Girondin sympathizer Charlotte Corday, who was executed. Although the revolution abolished Three Estate voting (Royals and Nobles voting against the peasantry), factions made impossible any Republican country wide representation.
...
Wikipedia