LNWR Improved Precedent Class
| LNWR Improved Precedent Class | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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No. 1194 Miranda
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| Type and origin | |
|---|---|
| Power type | Steam |
| Designer | F. W. Webb |
| Builder | Crewe Works |
| Build date | 1887–1901 |
| Total produced | 158 |
| Specifications | |
|---|---|
| Configuration: |
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| • Whyte | 2-4-0 |
| • UIC | 1B n2 |
| Gauge | 4 ft 8 1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge |
| Leading dia. | 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) + 3-inch (76 mm) tyres |
| Driver dia. | 6 ft 9 in (2,057 mm) |
| Wheelbase |
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| Loco weight | 35.60 long tons (36.17 t; 39.87 short tons) |
| Fuel type | Coal |
| Water cap | 1,800 imp gal (8,200 l; 2,200 US gal), later 2,000 imp gal (9,100 l; 2,400 US gal) |
| Boiler pressure | 150 lbf/in2 (1.03 MPa) |
| Heating surface | 1,063.7 sq ft (98.82 m2) |
| Cylinders | Two, inside |
| Cylinder size | 17 in × 24 in (432 mm × 610 mm) |
| Valve gear | Allan |
| Performance figures | |
|---|---|
| Tractive effort | 10,918 lbf (48.6 kN) |
| Career | |
|---|---|
| Operators | |
| Power class | LMS: 1P |
| Number in class | 1 January 1923: 76 |
| Nicknames | Jumbos, large Jumbos |
| Withdrawn | 1905–1933 |
| Disposition | One preserved, remainder scrapped |
The London and North Western Railway (LNWR) Improved Precedent class or Renewed Precedent class is a class of 2-4-0 steam locomotive originally designed for express passenger work. They later gained the nickname of Jumbos.
The locomotives were designed by F. W. Webb. A total of 158 were built in batches by Crewe Works 1887–1897 with two further additions in 1898 and 1901 respectively. They were officially "renewals" (i.e. replacements) of 96 Newton Class and 62 Precedent Class, so that, accountancy purposes, they could be charged against the Revenue account rather than the Capital account of a "new" locomotive. On renewal, they kept the numbers and names of their predecessors, and as a result the numbering system continued to be completely haphazard. In addition, the eight Precedent class locomotives that were not renewed, were rebuilt to the Improved specification, but they retained their original 7⁄8-inch (22.2 mm) thick frames, whereas the renewed locomotives had 1-inch (25.4 mm) frames.
On 22 August 1895, 790 Hardwicke took 2 hours and 6 minutes for the 141 miles (227 km) from Crewe to Carlisle, with an average speed of 67.1 mph (108.0 km/h), setting up a new speed record during the Race to the North.
Withdrawals started in December 1905.
The London, Midland and Scottish Railway acquired 76 upon the grouping of 1923, and gave them the power classification 1P. The LMS assigned these the numbers 5004–79, in order of build date, though not all received them as withdrawals continued apace. By the end of 1933, only 5001 Snowdon survived and in April 1934 it was renumbered 25001 to clear the number 5001 for an LMS Stanier Class 5 4-6-0, but was withdrawn in October that year.
One, No. 790 Hardwicke (built 1892, LMS No. 5031, withdrawn 1932) has been preserved as part of the National Railway Collection. It was overhauled in 1976 and hauled some excursion trains on the main line, on one of which it double-headed with Flying Scotsman. In the same year it made a special run on the Settle - Carlisle railway, double heading with Midland compound 1000, to celebrate the line's centenary. During this period it was allocated TOPS number 98 190.
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