Lê Nhân Tông
| Lê Nhân Tông | |
| Vietnamese name | |
|---|---|
| Vietnamese alphabet | Lê Nhân Tông |
| Hán-Nôm | |
Lê Nhân Tông (1441–1459) was emperor of Vietnam from 1453 till his murder in a coup. He was a grandson of the hero-emperor Le Loi. During nearly all of his short reign, the real power behind the throne was his mother, Nguyen Thi Anh.
With the sudden death of Lê Thái Tông, his heir was an infant son named Bang Co, mothered by Anh. He was the second son of his father, but the elder son (Le Nghi Dân) had been officially passed over due to his mother's low social status.
The government was actually under the control of Trinh Kha. Trịnh Khả was a long-time aide, friend, and counselor of Lê Lợi. By 1442, he was the first among the surviving top aides of Lê Lợi, the others had been killed or were second rank. Despite the dangers of having an infant on the throne, the government seems to have run well with no serious problems. The mother of the emperor, Anh was around 21 years old when her son was appointed the future emperor, over time she assumed more power in the government.
The next 17 years were good years for Vietnam. While some disputes surfaced between the Confucian scholars and the noble families, by and large things were fairly peaceful and prosperous for the country.
The king of Champa, Maha Vijaya, raided Hoa-chau in 1444 and 1445. The Court of Annam sent messages to the Zhengtong Emperor of Ming China protesting these raids. The Ming did nothing other than rebuke Champa, so in 1446 the Vietnamese sent an army under the command of Le Kha and Le Tho to enter Cham territory. The campaign was successful, with the capture of the Cham capital Vijaya. "Maha Vijaya was made prisoner with his wives and concubines, elephants, horses, and weapons."
The Vietnamese were driven out a year later. However, the Cham did not mount another offensive against the Vietnamese for the next twenty years.
In 1451, for reasons that are unclear, Anh ordered the execution of Trịnh Khả and his eldest son. Two years later, Trịnh Khả was officially pardoned along with several other close advisors to Le Loi who had been killed (like Lê Sát). The pardon occurred in conjunction with the official ascension to power of Lê Nhân Tông, though he was only 12 years old at the time.
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Wikipedia