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Kongō-class battleship

Haruna at Yokosuka 1916.jpg
Haruna at Yokosuka, 11 September 1916
Class overview
Operators:  Imperial Japanese Navy
Succeeded by: Amagi class
Built: 1911–15
In commission: 1913–45
Planned: 4
Completed: 4
Lost: 4
General characteristics (Haruna as built)
Type: Battlecruiser
Displacement: 27,384 tonnes (26,952 long tons)
Length: 214.58 m (704 ft 0 in)
Beam: 28.04 m (92 ft 0 in)
Draft: 8.22 m (27 ft 0 in)
Installed power:
Propulsion:
Speed: 27.5 knots (50.9 km/h; 31.6 mph)
Range: 8,000 nmi (15,000 km; 9,200 mi) at 14 knots (26 km/h; 16 mph)
Complement: 1,193
Armament:
Armor:
General characteristics (Haruna, 1945)
Type: Fast battleship
Displacement: 32,156 tonnes (31,648 long tons) (standard)
Length: 219.61 m (720 ft 6 in)
Beam: 33.1 m (108 ft 7 in)
Installed power:
  • 136,000 shp (101,000 kW)
  • 11 × water-tube boilers
Propulsion: 4 × steam turbines
Speed: 29 knots (54 km/h; 33 mph)
Range: 10,000 nmi (19,000 km; 12,000 mi) at 18 knots (33 km/h; 21 mph)
Complement: 1,500+
Sensors and
processing systems:
Armament:
Armor:
  • Deck: 120–80 mm (4.7–3.1 in)
  • Barbettes: 343 mm (13.5 in)
Aircraft carried: 3 × floatplanes
Aviation facilities: 1 × catapult

The Kongō-class battlecruiser (金剛型巡洋戦艦, Kongō-gata jun'yōsenkan?) was a class of four battlecruisers built for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) immediately before World War I. Designed by British naval architect George Thurston, the lead ship of the class was the last Japanese capital ship constructed outside Japan, by Vickers.

During the late 1920s, all but Hiei were reconstructed and reclassified as battleships. After the signing of the London Naval Treaty in 1930, Hiei was reconfigured as a training ship to avoid being scrapped. Following Japan's withdrawal from the London Naval Treaty, all four underwent a massive second reconstruction in the late 1930s. Following the completion of these modifications, which increased top speeds to over 30 knots (56 km/h; 35 mph), all four were reclassified as fast battleships.

The Kongō-class battleships were the most active capital ships of the Japanese Navy during World War II, participating in most major engagements of the war. Hiei and Kirishima acted as escorts during the attack on Pearl Harbor, while Kongō and Haruna supported the invasion of Singapore. All four participated in the battles of Midway and Guadalcanal. Hiei and Kirishima were both lost during the Naval Battle of Guadalcanal in November 1942, while Haruna and Kongō jointly bombarded Henderson Field on Guadalcanal. The two remaining Kongō-class battleships spent most of 1943 shuttling between Japanese naval bases before participating in the major naval campaigns of 1944. Haruna and Kongō engaged American surface vessels during the Battle of Leyte Gulf. Kongō was torpedoed by USS Sealion in November 1944, while Haruna was sunk at her moorings by air attack in Kure Naval Base in late July 1945 and subsequently scrapped.


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