King effect

In statistics, economics, and econophysics, the King effect refers to the phenomenon where the top one or two members of a ranked set show up as outliers. These top one or two members are unexpectedly large because they do not conform to the statistical distribution or rank-distribution which the remainder of the set obeys.

Distributions typically followed include the power-law distribution, that of a stretched exponential, or a parabolic fractal.

The King effect has been observed in the distribution of :

Note, however, that the King effect is not limited to outliers with a positive evaluation attached to their rank: for rankings on an undesirable attribute, there actually may exist a Pauper effect, with a similar detachment of extremely ranked data points from the reasonably distributed portion of the data set.

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