Khanate of Kazi-Kumukh
| Gazikumukh Khanate Lak Khanate |
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Lak: Gazigumukssa Khanlug Lakssa Khanlug |
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| Independent state | ||||||||||
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| Capital | Gazi-Kumukh | |||||||||
| Languages | Lak | |||||||||
| Religion | Islam | |||||||||
| Government | Constitutional monarchy | |||||||||
| History | ||||||||||
| • | Established | 1642 | ||||||||
| • | Disestablished | 1860 | ||||||||
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Gazikumukh Khanate was a Lak state that was established in present-day Dagestan after the disintegration of Gazikumukh Shamkhalate in 1642. Its peoples included various Lezgin tribes and Avars.
Khanate was ruled by the supreme council known as "Kat" in Lak or "Divan" where viziers, main qadis, warlords and the ruler participated in the meetings. Local governments consisted of jama'at, council of chiefs, judge and executor. Police functions were performed by the khan's noukers.
The state of Laks consisted of one Lakia that was divided into such territories as "Kullal", "Uri-Mukarki", "Machaymi", "Vitskhi", "Gumuchi" and "Bartki".
After the transfer of the capital of shamkhalate to Tarki, in Gazi-Kumukh was ruled by the supreme council. In 1642 Alibek II, son of Tuchilav, son of Alibek I, son of Chopan-shamkhal, son of Budai-shamkhal, was elected the ruler of Gazi-Kumukh, with the title "khalklavchi".
In 1700 Laks gave their ruler a popular title – khan. The council of chiefs elected Surkhay-bek (1680–1748), son of Garey-bek, son of khalklavchi Alibek II from shamkhal family that remained in Gazi-Kumukh, a ruler. Surkhay-khan I established a Lak state with a strong central power.
Public dissatisfaction in Shirvan with the Persians led to a revolt. In 1707 the population of Djaria and Tsakhur led by their elders attacked Shamakha, the residence of the ruler of Shirvan. In 1708 Iranian troops under the command of Imam Kuli-khan advanced from Kakheti and crushed the uprising. In 1709 in Azerbaijan Haji-Dawood also rebelled against the Persians. Utsmy Ahmed-khan called on the people to fight the Persian shias.
In 1710 an agreement was signed between Gazikumukh Khanate and Avar Khanate that proclaimed a political-military alliance. Surkhay-khan I forming the Gazikumukh army and like the shamkhal of Tarki became an ally of the Shah of Persia.
In 1720 the Shah of Persia, Sultan Husayn, called his allies to assist and suppress the uprising in Shirvan. Surkhay-khan I gathered the Gazi-Kumukh army and advanced to Shirvan, to help the shah. Not far from Kabala, Surkhay-khan I was stopped by the Sunni delegation of Shirvan led by Haji-Dawood who urged Surkhay-khan I to support the Sunnis than the Shias. Utsmy Ahmed-khan was in alliance with Haji-Dawood against the "rafidas". Surkhay-khan I decided to support the sunnis of Shirvan.
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Wikipedia