Karl Ziegler
| Karl Ziegler | |
|---|---|
Karl Ziegler
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| Born | Karl Waldemar Ziegler November 26, 1898 Helsa near Kassel, German Empire |
| Died | August 12, 1973 (aged 74) Mülheim, West Germany |
| Nationality | Germany |
| Fields | Organic chemistry |
| Institutions |
Aachen University of Technology Max Planck Institute für Kohlenforschung |
| Alma mater | University of Marburg |
| Doctoral advisor | Karl von Auwers |
| Known for |
Ziegler–Natta catalyst Ziegler process Wohl–Ziegler bromination Thorpe–Ziegler reaction Organoaluminium chemistry Organolithium reagent |
| Notable awards |
Liebig Medal (1935), War Merit Cross 2nd Class (1940), Werner von Siemens Ring (1961), Nobel Prize for Chemistry (1963) |
Karl Waldemar Ziegler (November 26, 1898 – August 12, 1973) was a German chemist who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1963, with Giulio Natta, for work on polymers. The Nobel Committee recognized his "excellent work on organometallic compounds [which]...led to new polymerization reactions and ... paved the way for new and highly useful industrial processes". He is also known for his work involving free-radicals, many-membered rings, and organometallic compounds, as well as the development of Ziegler–Natta catalyst. One of many awards Ziegler received was the Werner von Siemens Ring in 1960 jointly with Otto Bayer and Walter Reppe, for expanding the scientific knowledge of and the technical development of new synthetic materials.
Karl Ziegler was born November 26, 1898 in Helsa near Kassel, Germany and was the second son of Karl Ziegler, a Lutheran minister, and Luise Rall Ziegler. He attended Kassel-Bettenhausen in elementary school. An introductory physics textbook first sparked Ziegler's interest in science. It drove him to perform experiments in his home and to read extensively beyond his high school curriculum. He was also introduced to many notable individuals through his father, including Emil Adolf von Behring, recognized for the diphtheria vaccine. His extra study and experimentation help explain why he received an award for most outstanding student in his final year at high school in Kassel, Germany. He studied at the University of Marburg and was able to omit his first two semesters of study due to his extensive background knowledge. His studies were interrupted however, as during 1918 he was deployed to the front as a soldier to serve in World War I. He received his Ph.D. in 1920, studying under Karl von Auwers. His dissertation was on "Studies on semibenzole and related links" which led to three publications.
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