Karl Holz (Gauleiter)

Karl Holz (27 December 1895 in Nuremberg – 20 April 1945 in Nuremberg) was the NSDAP Gauleiter of Gau Franconia and an SA Gruppenführer.

He was born the fifth child of a heliographer also named Karl Holz. He finished Volksschule and an apprenticeship as a salesman, working thereafter as a clerk.

Between 1915 and 1918, Holz served in a number of units: Reserve-Infanterie-Regiment 16, Infanterie-Regiment 144, Infanterie-Regiment 179, and Jager-Bataillon 24 on the Western Front. He sustained a number of wounds. He returned to Nurnberg in September, 1919 and took a job as an official in Nuremberg. In 1920 he joined the German Socialist Party (Deutschsozialistische Partei). Once its chairman Julius Streicher had gone over to the Nazis in 1922, the party was melded into the NSDAP. Holz officially joined the Nazis on 11 November 1922 and his membership number was 77. Holz joined the Sturmabteilung and stayed until 1933 with the rank of Sturmführer.

Quite early on, Holz established a close relationship with Streicher. In 1924, Holz was elected to Nuremberg City Council, which he quit the following year. Between 1927 and 1933, he held the post of editor-in-chief of Der Stürmer, Streicher's anti-Semitic weekly newspaper. In 1933 he was given the position of ministerial adviser.

As of 1 January 1934, Holz operated as Streicher's representative in his capacity as Gauleiter of Franconia. In July 1934, Holz was appointed NSDAP Kreis leader of Nuremberg-town, and in November came his promotion to SA Brigadeführer.

In 1940, in connection with the Streicher irregularities involving the Aryanization of Jewish assets, Holz was temporarily stripped of all his offices. Appointed Reich Defence Commissar of Franconia as of November 1942, he was furthermore assigned the Gau leadership on 8 March 1943. Although Streicher was still Gauleiter, Adolf Hitler appointed Holz as such in November 1944.

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