Karantania
| Carantania | ||||||||||
| *Korǫtanъ | ||||||||||
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| Capital | Karnburg | |||||||||
| Languages | Proto-Slavic | |||||||||
| Government | Monarchy | |||||||||
| Historical era | Early Middle Ages | |||||||||
| • | Death of King Samo | 658 | ||||||||
| • | Tributary to Franks | 745 | ||||||||
| • | Integration to Franks | 828 | ||||||||
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| Today part of |
 Austria Slovenia
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Carantania, also known as Carentania (Slovene: Karantanija, German: Karantanien, in Old Slavic *Korǫtanъ), was a Slavic principality that emerged in the second half of the 7th century, in the territory of present-day southern Austria and north-eastern Slovenia. It was the predecessor of the March of Carinthia, created within the Carolingian Empire in 889.
The name Carantania is of pre-Slavic origin. Paul the Deacon mentions Slavs in Carnuntum, which is erroneously called Carantanum (Carnuntum, quod corrupte vocitant Carantanum).
Another possible etymology is that it may have been formed from a toponymic base carant- which ultimately derives from pre-Indo-European root *karra meaning 'rock', or that it is of Celtic origin and derived from *karantos meaning 'friend, ally'. Its Slovene name *korǫtanъ was adopted from the Latin *carantanum. The toponym Carinthia (Slovene: Koroška < Proto-Slavic
Carantania's capital was most likely Karnburg (Slovene: Krnski grad) in the Zollfeld Field (Gosposvetsko polje), north of modern-day town of Klagenfurt (Celovec). The principality was centered in the area of modern Carinthia, and included territories of modern Styria, most of today's East Tyrol and of the Puster Valley, the Lungau and Ennspongau regions of Salzburg, and parts of southern Upper Austria and Lower Austria. It most probably also included the territory of the modern Slovenian province of Carinthia. The few existing historical sources distinguish between two separate Slavic principalities in the Eastern Alpine area: Carantania and Carniola. The latter, which appears in historical records dating from the late 8th century, was situated in the central part of modern Slovenia. It was (at least by name) the predecessor of the later Duchy of Carniola.
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