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Kamehameha the Great

Kamehameha I
Kamehameha I.png
Portrait of King Kamehameha The Great
King of the Hawaiian Islands
Reign July 1782 – May 8 or 14, 1819
Successor Kamehameha II
Born c. 1736
Kapakai, Kokoiki, Moʻokini Heiau, Kohala, Hawaiʻi Island
Died May , 1819(1819-05-00)
Kamakahonu, Kailua-Kona, Kona, Hawaiʻi island
Burial Hawaii,?
Spouse (Partial list)
Kaʻahumanu
Keōpūolani
Kalolaa-Kumukoa
Peleuli
Kalākua Kaheiheimālie
Nāmāhāna Piʻia
Kahakuhaʻakoi Wahinepio
Kekāuluohi
Kekikipaʻa
Manono II
Kānekapōlei
Issue Liholiho (Kamehameha II)
Kauikeaouli (Kamehameha III)
Nāhiʻenaʻena
Kamāmalu
Kīnaʻu (Kaʻahumanu II)
Kahōʻanokū Kīnaʻu
Kānekapōlei II
Full name
Kalani Paiʻea Wohi o Kaleikini Kealiʻikui Kamehameha o ʻIolani i Kaiwikapu kauʻi Ka Liholiho Kūnuiākea
House Kamehameha
Father Keōua
Mother Kekuʻiapoiwa II
Full name
Kalani Paiʻea Wohi o Kaleikini Kealiʻikui Kamehameha o ʻIolani i Kaiwikapu kauʻi Ka Liholiho Kūnuiākea

Kamehameha I (Hawaiian pronunciation: [kəmehəˈmɛhə]; c. 1736? – May 8 or 14, 1819), also known as Kamehameha the Great, full Hawaiian name: Kalani Paiʻea Wohi o Kaleikini Kealiʻikui Kamehameha o ʻIolani i Kaiwikapu kauʻi Ka Liholiho Kūnuiākea was a Hawaiian king. He conquered most of the Hawaiian Islands, formally establishing the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi in 1810. By developing alliances with colonial powers, Kamehameha preserved Hawaiʻi's independence. Kamehameha is remembered for the Kānāwai Māmalahoe, the "Law of the Splintered Paddle", which protected the human rights of non-combatants in time of war.

Accounts of Kamehameha I's birth vary. Hawaiian historian Samuel Kamakau published an account in the Ka Nupepa Kuokoa in 1867, which was widely accepted until February 10, 1911. This version was challenged by the oral history of the Kaha family, as published in newspaper articles also appearing in the Kuoko. After the republication of the story by Kamakau to a larger English reading public in 1911 Hawaii, yet another version of the story was published by Kamaka Stillman, who had objected to the Nupepa article. Her version is verified by others within the Kaha family.

Kamehameha is considered the son of Keōua, founder of the House of Keoua, and Kekuʻiapoiwa II. Keōua and Kekuʻiapoiwa were both grandchildren of Keaweʻīkekahialiʻiokamoku, Aliʻi nui of the island of Hawaiʻi, and came from the district of Kohala. Hawaiian genealogy notes that Keōua may not have been Kamehameha's biological father, suggesting instead Kahekili II of Maui. Either way, Kamehameha was a descendant of Keawe through his mother. Keōua acknowledged him as his son and this was recognized in official genealogies.


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