Kalaupapa National Historical Park
|
Kalaupapa Leprosy Settlement and National Historical Park
|
|
Fumigation Hall
|
|
 |
|
| Location | Kalaupapa, Molokaʻi, Hawaiʻi, USA |
|---|---|
| Coordinates | 21°10′40″N 156°57′36″W / 21.17778°N 156.96000°WCoordinates: 21°10′40″N 156°57′36″W / 21.17778°N 156.96000°W |
| Area | 10,779 acres (4,362 ha) |
| Built | 1866 |
| Architect | Board of Health, Hawaii |
| Visitation | 58,875 (2012) |
| Website | Kalaupapa National Historical Park |
| NRHP Reference # | 76002145 |
| Significant dates | |
| Added to NRHP | January 7, 1976 |
| Designated NHLD | January 7, 1976 |
| Designated NHP | December 22, 1980 |
Kalaupapa National Historical Park is a United States National Historical Park located in Kalaupapa, Hawaiʻi, on the island of Molokaʻi. Coterminous with the boundaries of Kalawao County and primarily on Kalaupapa peninsula, it was established by Congress in 1980 to expand upon the earlier National Historic Landmark site of the Kalaupapa Leper Settlement. It is administered by the National Park Service. Its goal is to preserve the cultural and physical settings of the two leper colonies on the island of Molokaʻi, which operated from 1866 to 1969 and had a total of 8500 residents over the decades.
More than 7300 people live on the remainder of the island, which was a site of cattle ranching and pineapple production for decades. Much of these lands were purchased and controlled by the owners and developers of Molokai Ranch. This part of the island is also a tourist destination.
Archeological evidence has revealed human habitation by indigenous peoples for more than 900 years before European contact. The peninsula has house sites, cultivated taro fields and irrigation systems, stone walls, and temples (heiau), all constructed by ancient residents. "Historical accounts from the early to mid-1800s speak of populations of 1,000 to 2,700 people living on the peninsula, in the valleys, and in the villages" but by 1853, there were only about 140 people remaining after epidemics of Eurasian diseases.
In 1865 the Kingdom legislature passed a law to try to prevent transmission of leprosy, now known as Hansen's disease after the scientist who discovered the bacterium. The disease had been introduced to the islands about 1830 by foreign workers. At the time it was incurable. Sugar planters had brought pressure on the government as they were worried about the labor supply.
The government arranged for Native Hawaiian inhabitants to be removed from the Kalaupapa to prepare for its development as an isolation settlement for persons with severe leprosy. This cut off the island people's cultural ties and associations with the ʻaina (land), which had been established for centuries.
...
Wikipedia