Justine Ward
| Justine Ward | |
|---|---|
| Born |
Justine Bayard Cutting August 7, 1879 Morristown, New Jersey, U.S. |
| Died | November 27, 1975 (aged 96) Washington, D.C., U.S. |
| Spouse(s) | George Cabot Ward (m. 1902) |
| Parent(s) |
William Bayard Cutting Olivia Peyton Murray |
Justine Bayard (née Cutting) Ward (Morristown, New Jersey, August 7, 1879 - Washington, D.C., November 27, 1975) was a musical educator who developed a system for teaching music to children known as the Ward Method.
Justine Bayard Cutting was born on August 7, 1879 in Morristown, New Jersey to William Bayard Cutting (1850–1912), a founder of the Metropolitan Opera, and Olivia Peyton (née Murray) Cutting (1855–1949). Her siblings included William Bayard Cutting (1878–1910), who married Lady Sybil Marjorie Cuffe and was the mother of Iris Origo, Bronson Murray Cutting (1888–1935), a U.S. Senator from New Mexico, and Olivia M. Cutting (1892–1963), who married Henry James (1879–1947).
Her paternal grandparents were Fulton Cutting (1816–1875) and Elise Justine Bayard (1823–1852), the poet. She was descended from the Bayard, Schuyler and Van Cortlandt families of Colonial New York, and was a direct descendant of Stephen Van Rensselaer IV, the last patroon of the Manor of Rensselaerswyck, and William Bayard Jr. (1761–1826), a prominent New York City banker.
She was the first woman to develop an American elementary music education method, which predates the Kodály, Orff, and Dalcroze methods, and contains all the same basic elements, with an emphasis on music literacy and aesthetic interpretation.
The Ward method of music education was created in the early part of the twentieth century to promote the use of liturgical chant by teaching children vocal music reading skills. Its author, Justine Bayard Ward, was a newcomer to the Catholic Church and to the field of education, yet her approach proved successful and spread throughout the United States, Europe and other parts of the world. The ancient tradition of choral training in the Church, Ward's upbringing, her musical training and aesthetic inclinations, and her zeal in furthering the liturgical and musical reforms of Pius X fostered the ideal environment for the creation of the Ward method.
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