Junior boarding school

A boarding school is a pre-university level school where most or all of the students take up residence when school is in session. The word ”boarding” is used in the sense of "room and board," i.e., lodging and meals. Boarding schools are also known as University or College Preparatory Schools, aka “Prep Schools.” Some boarding schools also have day students who attend the institution by day and return to their families in the evenings.

Many independent (private) schools are boarding schools. Boarding school students (a.k.a. "boarders") normally return home during the school holidays and often weekends, but in some cultures may spend most of their childhood and adolescent life away from their families. In the United States, boarding schools comprise various grades, most commonly grades seven or nine through grade twelve—the high school years. Other schools are for younger children, grades two through eight. In the United States and Canada, Boarding Schools generally fall into one of the following categories: Traditional, Co-Ed, All Girl, All Boy, Military, Religious, Learning Disabled (LD) and Specialty Focus, like Arts Academies. A military school, or military academy, also features military education and training. Some American boarding schools offer a post-graduate year of study to help students prepare for college entrance.

The term boarding school often refers to classic British boarding schools and many boarding schools around the world are modeled on these.

A typical boarding school has several separate residential houses, either within the school grounds or in the surrounding area. Students generally need permission to go outside defined school bounds; they may be allowed to travel off-campus at certain times.

Depending on country and context, boarding schools generally offer one or more options: full (students stay at the school full-time), weekly (students stay in the school from Monday through Friday, then return home for the weekend), or on a flexible schedule (students choose when to board, e.g. during exam week).

A number of senior teaching staff are appointed as housemasters, housemistresses, dorm parents, prefects, or residential advisors, each of whom takes quasi-parental responsibility (in loco parentis) for anywhere from 5 to 50 students resident in their house or dormitory at all times but particularly outside school hours. Each may be assisted in the domestic management of the house by a housekeeper often known in U.K. or Common Wealth countries as matron, and by a house tutor for academic matters, often providing staff of each gender. In the U.S., boarding schools often have a resident family that lives in the dorm, known as dorm parents. They often have janitorial staff for maintenance and housekeeping, but typically do not have tutors associated with an individual dorm. Nevertheless, older students are often less supervised by staff, and a system of monitors or prefects gives limited authority to senior students. Houses readily develop distinctive characters, and a healthy rivalry between houses is often encouraged in sport. See also House system.

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