Juma Sustainable Development Reserve

Juma Sustainable Development Reserve
Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Juma
IUCN category VI (protected area with sustainable use of natural resources)
Vegetation in the reserve
Nearest city	Novo Aripuanã, Amazonas
Coordinates	5°58′41″S 60°21′22″W / 5.978°S 60.356°W / -5.978; -60.356Coordinates: 5°58′41″S 60°21′22″W / 5.978°S 60.356°W / -5.978; -60.356
Area	589,611 hectares (1,456,960 acres)
Designation	Sustainable development reserve
Created	3 July 2006
Administrator	Centro Estadual de Unidades de Conservação do Amazonas

The Juma Sustainable Development Reserve (Portuguese: Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Juma is a sustainable development reserve in the state of Amazonas, Brazil. It supports sustainable extraction of the forest resources by the traditional population. It is the first in Brazil to be funded by a REDD (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation) Project.

The Juma Sustainable Development Reserve (Juma RDS) is in the municipality of Novo Aripuanã in the state of Amazonas. It has an area of 589,611 hectares (1,456,960 acres). The Mariepauá River, a tributary of the Madeira River, defines the western boundary of the reserve, and the Acari River defines the eastern boundary. The reserve extends north to the Madeira. The northern part of the Aripuanã River runs through the reserve before entering the Madeira near the municipal seat of Novo Aripuanã. The Arauá River, a tributary of the Aripuanã, also runs north through the reserve. The Aripuanã National Forest is to the south of the reserve. The AM-360/AM-174 highway from Apui to Novo Aripuanã runs through the south east portion of the reserve.

An ordnance of 12 November 2007 recognised that there were 157 families of small farmers in the reserve. There are about 11 communities in the reserve engaging in farming, logging, gold mining and extraction of copaiba oil. There are signs of farming dating back 1,500 to 2,000 years. Ceramics and tools such as axes have been found in archaeological sites. The region is threatened by the advance of soy plantations and logging, and by the planned construction of two hydroelectric plants on the upper Aripuanã in Mato Grosso, which would have a profound impact on the biota and landscape.

The Juma RDS is drained by the clear water Aripuanã River, one of the largest tributaries of the Madeira. It contains dense lowland rainforest, dense submontane rainforest, dense alluvial rainforest, floodplain forest with clear water (várzea) or black water (igapó) and pioneer formations with fluvial or lacustrine influence. The Aripuanã River region is one of the most important in the Amazon region for conservation of biodiversity, with a unique formation of flora including about 242 species. There are 21 species of primates, the highest level of diversity in the world. Three new species of fish have been found, two in the Mariepaua River. 400 species of bird have been identified, and it is estimated that the total may be as many as 600.