Julius West Middle School
| Montgomery County Public Schooling System | |
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850 Hungerford Drive, Rockville, Maryland, 20850 Montgomery County United States |
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| Type | Public / suburban school district |
| Grades | Pre-K–12 |
| Established | 1860 |
| Superintendent | Dr. Jack R. Smith |
| Enrollment | 159,242 (2016–2017) |
| Staff | 39,669 |
| Website | www |
Montgomery County Public Schools (MCPS) is a public school district that serves Montgomery County, Maryland. It is the largest school district in Maryland and the 17th largest in the United States. As of the 2016–2017 school year, the district had 12,673 teachers serving 159,242 students at 204 schools. In 2010, MCPS was awarded a Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award. The county spends $2 billion on public schools, about half of the county's budget. The Board of Education includes a student member of the board who has full voting rights, except in certain cases. The superintendent of schools is Dr. Jack R. Smith.`
Until 1860, private schools existed in Montgomery County for those who could afford an education. Montgomery County Public Schools was established in 1860 for white children. The school system got off to a shaky start—the Civil War caused local schools to be disabled, vandalized and closed. Depredations by union and confederate armies caused schools to close in 1862 and they didn't reopen until 1864.
In 1872, the Maryland State Assembly appropriated state money so there could be schools for children of color and the county established a segregated school system.
In 1892, Rockville High School opened; it later was named Richard Montgomery High School. The high school is the oldest in the county. The first class of 12 seniors graduated in 1897.
In the 1900s, the school budget started to see the effects of suburban growth. In 1908, there were 6,483 students and a budget of $76,000. The school system saw even more growth in 1912 after the U.S. Congress passed a "non-resident" law that excluded Montgomery County school children from enrolling in Washington, D.C., schools, which were known for their higher quality. By 1921, the school budget had grown to more than $316,000.
Edwin W. Broome, who was superintendent 1916–1953, combined one-room schoolhouses into multi-room operations at the beginning of his tenure, reducing the number of schools from 108 to 66 by 1949. At that point, school enrollment was over 22,000. When Broome took the job, there were five high schools, all upcounty. He built two secondary schools for Silver Spring and two for Bethesda, and also pushed high schools to add the 12th grade.
In the early 1950s, elementary students of color attended one of four elementary schools—Linden, Ken-Gar, Takoma Park, and River Road—all of which were considered substandard. Older students of color attended Lincoln Junior High School and Carver High School in Rockville. Montgomery County was the one of the first seven counties in Maryland to desegregate its public schools, which it did in September 1955 following the ruling by the United States Supreme Court that ordered desegregation of all schools in the nation. Montgomery County completed desegregation of its schools in 1960–1961.
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Wikipedia