Juan Carvajal (cardinal)
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Cardinal Juan Carvajal |
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| Cardinal-Bishop | |
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| Church | Sant'Angelo in Pescheria (1446-1469) |
| Diocese | Porto (1461-1469) |
| Orders | |
| Created Cardinal | 16 December 1446 by Pope Eugene IV |
| Personal details | |
| Born | ca. 1400 Truxillo (Trujillo), Spain |
| Died | 6 December 1469 Rome |
| Buried | San Marcello al Corso, Rome |
| Nationality | Castilian |
| Occupation | diplomat |
| Profession | Bishop |
| Education | Licenciate in Civil and Canon Law |
| Alma mater | Salamanca |
Juan Carvajal (Carvagial) (c. 1400 in Trujillo, Cáceres – 6 December 1469 in Rome) was a Spanish Cardinal. Though he began his career as a lawyer and judge in the papal administration, he spent most of his active life travelling as a diplomat in Germany and eastern Europe, attempting to arrange a crusade against the Ottoman Turks. He was particularly active in Bohemia and Hungary, where he also employed his powers to fight the Hussites. He was a mainstay in trying to preserve the institution of the Papacy from the Conciliarism of the Council of Basel.
Carvajal held the Licenciate in canon law and civil law from the University of Salamanca (1436). He was Canon of Avila as well as of Salamanca. By 1438 he had attained distinction at Rome as Auditor of the Rota, appointed at the request of the King of Castile, John II (1406-1454). He became attached to Cardinals Juan Cervantes, Domenico Ram, and Alfonso Carillo. Under Pope Martin V Carvajal served as Governor of the City of Rome.
His life, however, was to be spent mostly in the foreign service of the Papacy. His contemporary, Cardinal Jacopo Ammanati-Piccolomini, says that he was sent as papal legate to various rulers and countries twenty-two times.
In June 1434 Pope Eugenius was forced to flee from Rome, due to a combination of hostile forces, led by Filippo Maria Visconti of Milan, Niccolò Fortebraccio the condottiere, and the Colonna family in Rome, who formed their own republic. Juan Carvajal and many of the Roman curials fled to the Castel S. Angelo. Eugene found refuge in Florence, where Carvajal soon made his way. During the Council of Basel, Carvajal was assigned to work with Juan de Torquemada, O.P., who was at the time (from 1435 to 1439) Master of the Sacred Palace (Papal Theologian), to counteract the schism of the Fathers at Basel.
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