Joseph Pease (railway pioneer)

Joseph Pease (22 June 1799 – 8 February 1872) was a proponent and supporter of the earliest public railway system in the world and was the first Quaker permitted to take his seat in Parliament.

Joseph Pease joined his father Edward and other members of the Pease family in starting the . In 1826 he married Emma Gurney, youngest daughter of Joseph Gurney of Norwich. They had twelve children, amongst whom, were Sir Joseph Whitwell Pease, his eldest son and Arthur Pease (1837-1898), who was his fourth son. Joseph's fifth child, Elizabeth Lucy Pease, married the agricultural engineer and inventor, John Fowler, a pioneer in the application of steam power to agriculture.

In 1829, Pease was managing the Stockton and Darlington Railway, in place of his father. In 1830, he bought a sufficient number of the collieries in the area, to become the largest owner of collieries in South Durham. That same year, along with his father-in-law Joseph Gurney of Norfolk, and other Quaker businessmen, they bought a large tract of land at Middlesbrough, which they projected as a port for exporting coal. In December 1830, a new railway line was opened on the Stockton and Darlington railway, to Middlesbrough, for transporting the coal to the new port.

In 1832, Pease was elected Member of Parliament for South Durham. As a Quaker, he was not immediately allowed to take his seat, because he refused to take the oath of office. Having set a precedent, a special committee considered the question and decided that Pease could affirm, rather than swear and thus, he was allowed to take his seat in Parliament. He was also unusual, in that, like most Quakers of the day, he refused to remove his hat, even when he entered the House of Commons.

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